Back in the hazy olden days of the pre-2000s, navigating between two locations generally required someone to whip out a paper map and painstakingly figure out the most optimal route between those ...

Determining the least expensive path for a new subway line underneath a metropolis like New York City is a colossal planning challenge—involving thousands of potential routes through hundreds of city ...

Scientists working on biological design should focus on the idiosyncrasies of biological systems over optimization, according to new research. In a study, published in Science Advances, researchers ...