The plaintiffs, including states and public-health advocacy groups, have argued that the cuts will inflict “incalculable losses in public health and human life.”

The Supreme Court ruled on Thursday that the National Institutes of Health can pause almost $800 million in funding for hundreds of research grants, a decision that was seen as a setback to the research community.

The Supreme Court set aside a lower court’s ruling, allowing the Trump administration to cancel NIH research grants.